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The Kurds in Iraq


Auteurs : |
Éditeur : KHRP Date & Lieu : 2003, London
Préface : Pages : 276
Traduction : ISBN : 1 900 1 75 6 7 3
Langue : AnglaisFormat : 145x210 mm
Code FIKP : Liv. Eng. Yil. Kur. N°2900Thème : Général

Présentation
Table des Matières Introduction Identité PDF
The Kurds in Iraq

Versions

The Kurds in Iraq

Kerim Yildiz,
Tom Blass

KHRP

With the demise of the rule of the Baath party in Iraq, the country’s Kurdish population faces a new chapter in the political and regional development of its region. For over a century the Kurds have been subject to the grand schemes of other powers, denied autonomy, and have faced the onslaughts of military assaults, economic embargo, and the destruction of their native regions.

Some of the landmarks in the history of Iraqi Kurdistan - perhaps most notably the chemical and gas attacks at Halabja, the 1991 uprising and the subsequent flight of over two million refugees - have been so egregious as to have become imprinted on the consciousness, and sometimes conscience, of the outside ...


Table des Matières


Table of Contents


Foreword / 11
Map of Kurdistan / 13
Map of Iraq Drawn Prior To 2003 Gulf War / 14
Map of Iraqi Kurdistan Drawn Prior To / 15
2003 Gulf War

Introduction / 17

Part I: The Past / 21

I. The Kurds / 21
'Kurds’ and ‘Kurdistan’
Language
Religion
Population
Topography of Kurdistan

II. The Treaty of Sèvres and the Creation of Iraq / 25

III. The Kurds Under Barzani / 31

Revolts
The emergence of a Kurdish leader
Aftermaths of 1958 Revolution
The Baath regimes
The March Manifesto of 1970
The 1974 Autonomy Law
US and Iranian involvement in Kurdish/Iraqi relations: 1970-1975
The Algiers Agreement 1975 and its aftermath

IV. The Anfal Campaigns / 43

Spoils of war
The logic of destruction
The spring offensives 1988
The attack on Halabja
The attack on Sayw Senan
The remaining Anfal campaigns
Amnesty
International responses to the Anfal campaigns

V. The First Gulf War: From Uprising to Democracy / 53
Background
The intifada (uprising)
The Baathists respond
Exodus from Iraqi Kurdistan
Turkey, Iran and the Iraqi Kurds
Resolution 688
'Operation Provide Comfort’
'Operation Safe Haven'
Negotiating autonomy with Saddam Hussein

VI. Democracy in Iraqi Kurdistan / 65

A rainbow alliance
International ambivalence
Autonomy from a Kurdish perspective
Electoral procedure
A new kind of political space?
Relations between the PUK and KDP

VII Human Rights in Iraqi Kurdistan / 73

Background
Crimes of the Ba'ath regime   
Breaches of international law by the government of Iraq
Humanitarian law
Human rights structures and the Kurdish authorities
Women’s rights in Iraqi Kurdistan

VIII. The Internally Displaced Of Iraqi Kurdistan / 85

A displaced history
Displacement since the establishment of the safe haven

IX. Economic/Humanitarian Affairs in Iraqi Kurdistan / 91

Background
Oil in Iraq: A brief overview
Oil in Iraqi Kurdistan: A brief overview
Pipelines
Sanctions
Criticism of the Oil-For-Food Programme
Embargo
Currency
Employment
Non-Governmental Organisations

X. The Kurds Have No Friends but the Mountains / 103

Turkey: A difficult neighbour
Beyond Iraq: The Kurds of Turkey, Iran and Syria

XI. US Foreign Policy Towards Saddam: Pre-September 11 / 115

Reference / 119

Part II: The Present / 131

I. The Road to War / 131

Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists
The Kurds path to war

II. The Second Gulf War: Operation Iraqi Freedom / 149

They were received with bombs, shoes and bullets
The Kurdish Jerusalem
War over?
The current security situation
Security strategy

III. Current Executive Structure in Iraq / 159

Saddam's Iraqi Opposition
Political Reconstruction

IV. Current Legal and Human Rights Issues / 165
The Coalition Provisional Authority
Humanitarian international law obligations
International human rights law Applicable?

V. The Question of Autonomy / 173

VI. The Anfal Campaigns: The War Crimes Tribunal / 175

An enduring legacy
Iraqi Special Tribunal
The defendants
The death penalty
International judges/ prosecutors
The crimes

VII. The Internally Displaced: The Current Situation / 183

General situation
The Takiyeh camp
The Anfal camp at Suresh
The UN-HABITAT camp at Bazian
The problem of mines

Reversing the Arabisation programme

VIII. Current Economic/Humanitarian Issues in Iraqi Kurdistan / 189

Sanctions and embargo
Oil-for-food programme
Currency
Non-Governmental organisations and international organisations
Oil

Reference / 197

Part III: The Future / 207

I. Self-Determination and Autonomy / 207

What is self-determination?
The Kurdish claim to self-determination
Autonomy a UN mandate?
Economic issues

II. The Tribunal and the Victims / 221

Introduction
A UN tribunal
Hybrid court
International Criminal Court
Truth and reconciliation commission
The way forward

III. The Land Question / 227

The Iraqi Property Reconciliation Facility
The way forward

Recommendations / 231

Recommendations to the UN
Recommendations to the Kurdish Regional Authorities
Recommendations to the Occupying Powers

Addendum / 235

Appendices / 237

Appendix 1 / 237

Articles of the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres relating to Kurdistan

Appendix 2 / 239

The Kurdistan Regional Government Provisional Constitution
for the Federal Republic of Iraq

Appendix 3 / 259

UN Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement
Appendix 4 / 273

CPIC email to KHRP

Reference / 275




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