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Saddam’s Iraq, Revolution or Reaction?


Auteur :
Éditeur : Zed Books Date & Lieu : 1989, London & New Jersey
Préface : Pages : 266
Traduction : ISBN : 90-74666-01-9
Langue : AnglaisFormat : 135x215 mm
Code FIKP : Liv. Eng. Car. Sad. N°1312Thème : Politique

Présentation
Table des Matières Introduction Identité PDF
Saddam’s Iraq, Revolution or Reaction?


Saddam’s Iraq, Revolution or Reaction?

CARDRI

Zed Books


How does the Ba'thist government in Iraq maintain itself in power, despite its catastrophic record? This new edition of CARDRI's classic study of Iraq addresses this increasingly crucial question. It surveys Iraq's political history from the late 19th century to the present, looking at key aspects of a country that is potentially the world's second largest oil producer.

Updated to cover the end of the war, the role of Europeon and other arms suppliers and the issue of chemical weapons, the book also examines the changes the conflict has bought about in Iraqi society and the broader international context, notably Iraq's role within OPEC.

Saddam's Iraq provides a comprehensive account of Iraq. The authors, leading specialists, academics, journalists and researchers, cover all the issues, extending from the regime's shifting economic emphasis and the changing nature of the army to human rights and international relations. There are chapters on the opposition, notably the Kurds, the Communist Party, Islamic movements and Arab nationalism. The position of Iraqi women is also examined in detail.

'This book should be studied in every foreign office, by the diplomatic editors of all newspapers, by every IMP concerned about the Middle East and by all who wish to see freedom and justice in the world. It is a classic which no one who seeks the truth about the Middle East can ignore'
Lord Fenner Brockway

'A helpful guide to all who seek a clearer insight into the tragedy of Iraq today'
Donald Anderson MP


Table des Matières


Contents


Foreword Fenner Brockway / ix
Preface Ann Clwyd / x
Introduction / xi
List of Contributors / xv
Maps / xvi

1. Iraq to 1963 Fran Hazelton / 1
19th Century European Economic Penetration / 1
Oil / 2
British Occupation / 2
The 1920 Revolt / 4
The ‘Arab Solution’ / 4
Oil Concessions, Air Bases and Iraqi ‘Independence’ / 6
The Political System / 9
The Army / 9
The Coups d’Etat 1936-41 / 10
The Labour Movement and National Liberation / 11
Britain, USA and the Middle East / 12
The ‘Portsmouth’ Treaty / 12
Al-Wathbah / 15
Solidarity and Repression / 17
Oil, Foreign Control and Social Dislocation / 17
Iraq’s Pre-revolutionary Social Structure / 18
Poverty / t / 20
Repression and Resistance / 20
The Baghdad Pact / 22
The National Unity Front / 23
The Revolutionary Coup d’Etat 14 July 1958 / 24
Wahda / 25
Suppression of the Communists / 26
The Overthrow of Qasim / 26

2. Political Developments in Iraq 1963-1980 U. Zaher / 30
The Fascist Coup of February 1963 / 30
Massacre of Communists / ' / 32
CIA Connection / 32
Popular Resistance / 33
International Solidarity / 33
Oil and Economy / 34
War in Kurdistan / 35
False Arab Unity / 35
Uprising in the Army / 36
Fall of the Ba‘th / 36
Military-Nationalist Rule: 18 November 1963 to 17 July 1968 / 38
Upsurge of the Democratic Movement / 40
Ba‘th Rule: 1968-1980 / 41

3. Oil and the Iraqi Economy Celine Whittle ton / 54
Pre-1958 Background — an Economy in Decay / 54
The July 1958 Revolution and the Economy / 57
The Agrarian Reform / 57
Confronting the Oil Companies — 1958-72 / 61
The Seven Fat Years of the Ba‘th / 64
Industrial Development — One Step Forward / 67
Guns Before Butter / 69

4. The Parasitic Base of the Ba‘thist Regime ‘Isam al-Khafaji / 73
The Private and Public Sectors in Iraqi State Capitalism / 74
Government Policy and the Contracting Bourgeoisie / 75
New Dependence Under the Ba‘th / 78
Some Consequences of Recent Economic Policies / 82
The Economic Function of the War / 84

5. Iraqi Ba‘thism: Nationalism, Socialism and National Socialism Marion Farouk-Sluglett and Peter Sluglett / 89
The Origins of Arab Nationalism / 90
Arab Nationalism after 1918: the Ideas of Sati‘al-Husri / 91
The Origins of the Ba'th Party: the Political Situation in Syria and Iraq, 1920-1945 / 92
The Ba‘th in Syria 1944-66 / 94
The Ba‘th in Iraq, 1949-58 / 96
The Ba‘th Nationalist Coalition, February-November 1963 99 The Return of the Ba‘th, July 1968 / 100
Towards an Understanding of Ba‘thist Ideology / 102

6. Ba‘th Terror — Two Personal Accounts / 108
1. Interview with an Iraqi Mother / 108
2. Torture in Iraq: A Personal Testimony Dr. Su'ad Khairi / 114

7. Women in Iraq Deborah Cobbett / 120
Traditional Customs and Attitudes / 121
Historical Background / 123
Women Organize in Iraq / 124
The General Federation of Iraqi Women / 126
Women Victims of Ba'thist Terror / 128
Women Against the Ba‘th / 130
Changes in the Law / 130
Women in the Iraqi ‘Parliament’ / 132
Women and Education / 132
Women in the Workforce / 133
Women and Health / 134
Effects of the War Against Iran / 135
Conclusions / 135

8. The Opposition U. Zaher / 138
Introduction / 138
The Communist Movement / 139
Working Class: Early Years / 140
The Foundation of the Iraqi Communist Party / 141
The Islamic Movement / 157
Shi'ism in 20th Century Iraq / 160
Organized Political Activity / 164
The Arab Nationalist Movement in Iraq / 168

9. The Kurds Peter Sluglett / 177
History / 178
The Republic of Mahabad / 183
Kurdish Politics 1947-58 / 186
The Kurds under Qasim, 1958-63 / 188
The Kurds since 1963 / 194

10. The Iraqi Armed Forces, Past and Presents. Abbas / 203
The Social Structure of the Iraqi Army / 204
The Army and Politics / 206
The Free Officers Movement / 208
Political Parties and the Army / 213
The Ba'thization of the Iraqi Armed Forces / 215
The Iraqi Armed Forces since the late 1970s / 217
Saddam Husain and the Iraqi Armed Forces / 222
Conclusion / 224

11. Iraq in the Gulf War Jabr Muhsin, George Harding and Fran Hazelton / 229
Origins of the War / 229
Invasion / 230
From Occupation to Retreat / 231
Internationalisation / 232
Tanker War: US Intervention / 233
Cities War / 235
Chemical Warfare / 236
Territory Lost and Regained / 237
Resolution 598 / 238

12. Whither Iraq? Celine Whittleton, Jabr Muhsin and Fran Hazelton / 242
Oil and the Iraqi Economy / 242
Opposition / 244
Women in Iraq / 247
Human Rights in Iraq / 249
UN Security Council Resolution 598 / 253

Chronology / 255

Bibliography / 261

Index / 264




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