La bibliothèque numérique kurde (BNK)
Retour au resultats
Imprimer cette page

A Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Kurdistan


Auteur :
Éditeur : American Oriental Society Date & Lieu : 1982, New Haven & Connecticut
Préface : Pages : 172
Traduction : ISBN : 0-940490-64-1
Langue : AnglaisFormat : 175x250 mm
Code FIKP : Liv. Eng. Kro. Neo. N°3994Thème : Linguistique

Présentation
Table des Matières Introduction Identité PDF
A Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Kurdistan


A Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Kurdistan


Georg Krotkoff

American Oriental Society

General information. The presentation of new materials in a linguistic field in which all publications to date still fit very easily on the top of a single desk hardly needs an elaborate justification. Especially in the case of the Neo-Aramaic (henceforward NA) dialects, however, the preservation of all authentic recorded texts is imperative in view of the many factors which, in the course of this century, have decimated and dispersed these communities and endangered their very existence. Just as is the case with so many material remains from antiquity, the past hundred years have seen more destruction of minority societies than the preceding millennium—a millennium during which these societies managed to preserve their religious and linguistic identity in spite of the vicissitudes of Near Eastern history.

The texts contained in this book were recorded during the first half of 1959 in Baghdad from the mouth of a twenty-five year old Chaldean by the name of Shabo, a native of the village Aradhin in Iraqi Kurdistan. The village is situated some ten miles west of Amadia, and in 1959 its southern end could be reached by a partially paved road which branched north from the highway connecting ...


Table des Matières


Table of contents

1. Introduction / 1
1.1. General Information / 1
1.2. Neo-Aramaic and the Dialect of Aradhin / 2
1.3. Method, Symbols, Abbreviations / 3
1.3.1. Transcription / 3
1.3.2. Grammar / 4
1.3.3. Translation / 4
1.3.4. Abbreviations / 5

2. Phonetics and Phonology / 7
2.1. Consonantal Phonemes / 7
2.2. Vowels / 8
2.3. Diphthongs / 9
2.4. Quantity of Vowels / 9
2.5. Palatalization / 10
2.6. Velarization / 10
2.7. Synharmonism / 11
2.8. Gemination / 12
2.9. Metathesis / 12
2.10. Attrition of Sounds / 13
2.10.1. Voiceless Vowels / 13
2.10.2. Loss of Voicing Before Voiced Consonants / 13
2.10.3. Loss of Consonants / 13
2.10.4. Representation of OS c / 13
2.10.5. Representation of OS g / 13
2.10.6. The Phoneme v / 14
2.10.7. Shift from S to â / 14
2.10.8. Social Differences / 14
2.11. Assimilation and Sandhi / 14
2.11.1. Voiceless vs. Voiced / 14
2.11.2. The Allomorphs of b- / 15
2.11.3. The Allomorphs of d- / 15
2.11.4. Loss of Spirantization / 15
2.12. Syllabification and Word Juncture / 15
2.13. Stress / 16
2.14. Lento vs. Allegro / 17
2.15. Homophones / 18

3. The Parts of Speech / 19
3.1. Root and Pattern / 19
3.2. The Pronouns / 19
3.2.1. Personal Pronouns / 19
3.2.2. Possessive Pronouns / 20
3.2.3. Demonstrative Pronouns / 20
3.2.4. The Distribution of aw and a:wa and the Definite Article / 21
3.2.5. Indefinite Pronouns / 22
3.2.6. Reflexive and Reciprocal Pronouns / 23
3.3. The Verb / 23
3.3.1. Morphology of the Verb / 23
3.3.1.1. The Infinitive and the Noun of Action / 23
3.3.1.2. The Participles / 25
3.3.1.3. The First Conjugation / 26
3.3.1.3.1. Use of Object Suffixes / 26
3.3.1.4. The Second Conjugation / 27
3.3.1.4.1. Its Use with Pronominal Objects / 27
3.3.1.5. The Object Conjugation / 28
3.3.1.6. The Imperative / 29
3.3.1.7. The Past Markers / 30
3.3.1.8. Quadrillerai Verbs / 30
3.3.2. The System of Tenses / 30
3.3.2.1.1. The General Present Indicative / 32
3.3.2.1.2. The Subjunctive / 32
3.3.2.1.3. The Sequential / 32
3.3.2.2. The General Imperfect / 33
3.3.2.3. The Future / 33
3.3.2.4. The Actual Present / 33
3.3.2.5. The Actual Imperfect / 33
3.3.2.6. The Aorist or Preterite / 34
3.3.2.7. The Past Aorist / 34
3.3.2.8. The Perfect / 34
3.3.2.9. The Past Perfect / 35
3.3.3. Auxiliary Verbs / 35
3.3.3.1. The Verb ‘to be’ / 35
3.3.3.1.1. The General Present of‘to be’ / 35
3.3.3.1.2. The Subjunctive of‘to be’ / 36
3.3.3.1.3. The Future of‘to be’ / 36
3.3.3.1.4. The General Imperfect of ‘to be’ / 36
3.3.3.1.5. The Copula or the Actual Present of ‘to be’ / 36
3.3.3.1.6. The Past Copula or the Actual Imperfect of ‘to be’ / 37
3.3.3.1.7. The Aorist of‘to be’ / 38
3.3J.2. The Verb ‘to have’ / 38
3.33.3. The Verb ‘to be able’ / 38
3.3.3A The Verb pya:la / 38
3.3.4. The Passive Voice / 39
3.3.5. The Negation of Verbs / 39
3.4. The Substantive Noun / 40
3.4.1. Patterning, Derivation, Endings / 40
3.4.2. Gender / 41
3.4.3. The Plural / 41
3.5. The Adjective / 44
3.5.1. Morphology and Derivation / 44
3.5.2. Comparison of Adjectives / 45
3.6. The Numerals / 45
3.6.1. The Cardinal Numbers / 45
3.6.2. The Ordinal Numbers / 46
3.7. The Adverb / 46
3.8. The Conjunctions / 47
3.9. The Prepositions / 47
3.10. The Interrogatives / 49
3.11. Distributive Reduplication / 49

4. Syntax / 51
4.1. Apposition / 51
4.2. Annexation / 51
4.3. Determination / 52
4.4. Subject and Predicate / 52
4.5. Verb and Object / 53
4.5.1. Verb with Single Object / 53
4.5.2. Verb with Two Objects / 53
4.5.3. Cognate Objects / 54
4.5.4. Definite Objects / 54
4.6. Word Order / 54
4.6.1. Advancement of the Principal Referent (Topic) / 54
4.7. The General Referent / 55
4.8. Paratactic Verbal Sequences / 55
4.8.1. Adjunct Verbs / 56
4.8.2. Asyndetic Noun-Verb Sequences / 56
4.9. Hypotactic Noun-Verb Sequences / 57
4.9.1. Subordination with d-\ Consecutive and Object Clauses / 57
4.9.2. Attachment with d-\ Attributive (Relative) Clauses / 57
4.9.3. Subordination with tla d-\ Final Clauses / 58
4.9.4. The use of m-sabab: Causal Clauses / 58
4.9.5. Temporal Clauses / 58
4.9.5.1. Adverbial (Circumstantial) Phrases and the use of he:! / 59
4.9.6. Infinitives as Dependent Verbs / 60
4.10. Protasis and Apodosis: Conditional Clauses / 60
4.11. Speech in Quotation / 61

5. Interlinguistic Connections / 63
5.1. Iranian Influences / 64
5.2. The Contact with Arabic / 64
6. Text and Translation / 67
1-3 The Village of Aradhin / 68
4-42. Agriculture / 68
43-47. Animal Husbandry / 80
48-52. Dairy Products / 82
53-54. Apiculture / 84
55-61. Fibers and Textiles / 84

62-63. Leather Products / 86
64-65. Preserving Food / 86
66-70. The Crafts / 88

71-72. Heating and Light / 90
73-74. Wood Work / 90
75-76. Pottery / 92
77. Basket Weaving / 92
78. Tanning and Leather / 92
79-81. Fabrics / 92

82-83. Baking / 94
84-90. Various Trades / 94

91-100. Intellectual Professions / 98

101-102. The Administration of the Village / 100
103-114. From Aradhin’s History / 102

115-124. The Treasure of the Hanging Man / 106

125-130. Sundry Sentences / 110

7. List of Proper Names and Nicknames / 115

8. Glossary / 117

9. List of Roots / 159

10. Bibliography / 171




Fondation-Institut kurde de Paris © 2024
BIBLIOTHEQUE
Informations pratiques
Informations légales
PROJET
Historique
Partenaires
LISTE
Thèmes
Auteurs
Éditeurs
Langues
Revues