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Torture in Turkey


Auteur :
Éditeur : PHR Date & Lieu : 1996, Boston
Préface : Pages : 262
Traduction : ISBN : 1-879707-21-7
Langue : AnglaisFormat : 155x230 mm
Code FIKP : Liv. Eng. Phr. Tor. N° 1996Thème : Général

Présentation
Table des Matières Introduction Identité PDF
Torture in Turkey

Torture in Turkey

Human Rights

PHR

Torture of detainees by state authorities is widespread and systematic in Turkey and law enforcement officials coerce physicians to conceal physical findings of abuse. Also, health professionals in Turkey are routinely persecuted for providing care to "members of illegal organizations” and for upholding fundamental principles of medical ethics.
This report contains compelling evidence of widespread torture and its cover-up, collected from in-depth interviews with thirty-nine torture survivors, a survey of sixty Turkish physicians who officially examine detainees, interviews with individual physicians, analysis of more than 150 official medical reports of detainees, review of alternative medical reports of torture survivors, and interviews with human rights lawyers.
According to the unprecedented survey of sixty Turkish physicians who conduct official medical examinations of detainees, 96% of respondents believe that torture is a problem in Turkey and 60% believe that “nearly everyone who is detained is tortured.” PHR’s interviews with forensic physicians indicate that some physicians observed evidence of torture in hundreds, and in some cases thousands, of detainees in recent years.
Turkish physicians have also been prosecuted for documenting human rights violations and providing rehabilitative care to survivors of torture. According to the report, physicians and other health professionals in Turkey’s Emergency Zone have been killed, tortured, imprisoned, internally exiled, and legally sanctioned in the course of conducting their professional duties.
The report concludes with recommendations that urge the Turkish government: to acknowledge the systematic practice of torture and the routine coercion of physicians to conceal evidence, to prohibit incommunicado detention in all cases, to aggressively prosecute those responsible for torture, and to permit health personnel in Turkey to conduct their professional duties without interference or threat of persecution.

 


Table des Matières


Contents

Acknowledgments / vii
Glossary / viii

I. Executive Summary / 1
Methods of Investigation / 3
Summary of Findings / 4
Summary of Recommendations / 9
II. Introduction / 13
Background / 13
Political Trends / 15
Conflict in Southeastern Turkey / 18
Human Rights Violations in Turkey / 20
United States Strategic Interests and Policy / 28
The Turkish Medical Profession and Human Rights / 29

III. Application of Relevant International and Thrkish Domestic Law / 35
International Human Rights Law and Turkish Domestic Law / 35
International Humanitarian Law - The Geneva Conventions / 40

IV. International Standards of Medical Ethics / 45
Physicians’ Duties Regarding Torture / 45
Non-Discriminatory Provision of Medical Care / 48
Confidentiality / 50

V. Scope of Torture and Coercion of Physicians to Conceal Evidence / 53
In-Depth Interviews with Thirty-Nine Survivors of Torture / 53
Physician Survey of Forensic Documentation of Torture / 123
Interviews with Twenty-Five Turkish Physicians / 127
Analysis of Eighty-Six Official Medical Reports / 139
Analysis of Thirty Pairs of Conflicting Medical Reports / 141
Review of Alternative Medical Reports / 141
Interviews with Human Rights Lawyers / 143
Review of HRFT Medical Records of Twenty-Four Torture Survivors / 149

VI. Coercion of Physicians to Falsify Autopsy Reports / 153
Case of Baki Erdogan — Death in Custody / 154
Case of B ayram Duran — Death in Custody / 159
Case of Imran Aydin — Death in Custody / 161

VII. / Persecution of Health Personnel in the Line of Duty / 163
Detention and Torture of Health Personnel / 164
Killing of Health Personnel / 175
Internal Exile / 178
Health Professionals at Risk / 180

VIII The Obstruction of Medical Care / 187
Obstruction of Medical Care in the Emergency Zone / 187
Obstruction of Medical Care Outside of the Emergency Zone 188

IX. Health Conditions in the Emergency Zone / 201
Health Consequences of the Conflict / 201
Delivery of Health Services / 203

X. Findings and Recommendations / 207
Findings / 207
Recommendations / 214

XI. / Presentation of PHR Findings to the Turkish Ministry of Justice / 219

Appendices

A. Physicians for Human Rights Protocol for Medical / 221
Evaluations of Suspected Torture Survivors

B. Ministry of Health Circular 6039 — Requirements / 242
for Forensic Examinations

C. Ministry of Health Guidelines for Official / 243
Medical Examinations

D. Official Medical Examination Report for Forty Detainees / 244

E. Official Autopsy Report for Baki Erdogan / 247

F. Report of the Forensic Medicine Department’s First / 252
Committee for Baki Erdogan

G. / Letter from Representatives of U.S. Non-Governmental / 258
Organizations in Support of the Human Rights Foundation of Turkey
(The HRFT Letter)

H. Response of the Turkish Embassy to The HRFT Letter / 261

 




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