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Coming to Terms with Forced Migration


Auteurs : | | | |
Éditeur : TESEV Date & Lieu : 2007, Istanbul
Préface : Pages : 370
Traduction : ISBN : 978-975-8112-89-0
Langue : AnglaisFormat : 155x230 mm
Code FIKP : Liv. Eng. Kur. Com. N° 2034Thème : Général

Présentation
Table des Matières Introduction Identité PDF
Coming to Terms with Forced Migration


Coming to Terms with Forced Migration

Dilek Kurban

TESEV

In Turkey, some one million men, women and children were forcibly uprooted from rural areas in the east and southeast as a result of the armed struggle from 1984 to 1999 between the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and the Turkish military. Large numbers fled to urban areas, where they have experienced poverty, poor housing, joblessness, loss of land and property, limited access to physical and mental health care services, and limited educational opportunities for their children. Those that have returned to their communities of origin also face major difficulties, including threats to their physical safety from landmines and village guards, and dire poverty due to insufficient job opportunities, public services, and compensation for lost property.
[This book] digs deeply into the causes of conflict and displacement in Turkey, seeking to go beyond official versions and to unearth what really occurred and how best to move forward to resolve the political, economic and social divisions.
The government would be well advised to study the findings and recommendations of this constructive volume. Acknowledging the plight of the displaced in both rural and urban areas and developing effective policies and programs to help them reintegrate is critical not only for the lives of the displaced but also for the coherence and stability of the country as a whole.
Roberta Cohen, Brookings Institution

The dominant perception of internal displacement in Turkey has been one interpreted through official state ideology - which has recently acknowledged the phenomenon but refused to accept its responsibility. This "acknowledgement without acceptance" portrays internal displacement as the inevitable outcome of the security forces' legitimate defense against terrorism.
The fact is that one million people lost their property, abandoned their cultural roots, and were forced to migrate to western provinces because their way of life was not embraced by the official, narrow definition of citizenship.
With this book, TESEV proposes to re-conceptualize internal displacement as an issue of societal responsibility. Turkish society, which has not condemned but for decades has overlooked this discriminatory approach, interpreting the armed conflict as a threat to its comfort rather than trying to understand the issue, bears a large responsibility for what has happened.
It is necessary to understand that internal displacement is not an unexpected natural disaster but a discrediting societal failure to which we, as civil society, have contributed. It is our responsibility to establish an environment of trust that will allow internally displaced persons to embark on a life that they desire in a place of their own choosing.
Etyen Mahçupyan, TESEV


Table des Matières


Table of Contents

Foreword to the English Edition / 1
Roberta Cohen
Foreword to the Turkish Edition / 6
Etyen Mahfupyan
Acknowledgements for the English Edition / 8
Acknowledgements for the Turkish Edition / 9
List of Abbreviations / 12

Chapter I: Introduction / 15
Introduction to the English Edition / 17
Dilek Kurban
Introduction to the Turkish Edition / 21
Dilek Kurban, Deniz Yükseker, Ayşe Betül Çelik, Turgay Ünalan, A. Tamer Aker

Chapter II: Internal Displacement: International Norms and Practices / 29
Introduction / 31
Internal Displacement: Current Global Conditions and Trends / 33
Turgay Unalan
Internal Displacement: A Critical Analysis of International Policies and Practices / 43
Deniz Yükseker
Return, Reconstruction, and Best Practices in Conflict Resolution / 52
Ayşe Betül Çelik
Internal Displacement:
Developments in International Law and Practices in Other Countries / 60
Dilek Kurban
Internal Displacement: A Mental Health Perspective / 71
A. Tamer Aker

Chapter III: Internal Displacement In Turkey:
The Issue, Policies, and Implementation / 77
Turgay Ünalan, Ayşe Betül Çelik, Dilek Kurban

Chapter IV: The Approach of National and International
Organizations to Turkey's Internal Displacement ProbleM / 107
Introduction / 109
The Approach of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, and the European Union to Turkey's Internal Displacement Problem / 111
Ayşe Betül Çelik
Human Rights Watch, Kurdish Human Rights Project, and the European Court of Human Rights on Internal Displacement in Turkey / 119
Dilek Kurban
Research Findings on Internal Displacement in Turkey: National Reports / 145
Deniz Yükseker
Internal Displacement and Psychological and Public Health in Turkey:
Past Studies, Expectations, and Obstacles / 158
A. Tamer Aker

Chapter V: Fieldwork by the Tesev Working Group on Internal Displacement in Turkey / 167
Introduction / 169
Internal Displacement in the Province of Diyarbakir:
Return, Urban Issues, and Implementation of the Compensation Law / 172
Deniz Yükseker
Evaluation of Fieldwork Conducted in the Province of Batman:
The Socio-Economic Consequences of Internal Displacement and Obstacles to Return / 205 Ayşe Betül Çelik
Internal Displacement and Reparative Justice:
Implementation of the Compensation Law in the Province of Batman / 228
Dilek Kurban
Internal Displacement and Social Exclusion: Problems Encountered by Internally Displaced Persons in the Provinces of Istanbul and Diyarbakir / 256
Deniz Yükseker
Evaluation of Fieldwork Conducted in the Province of Hakkari: Causes and Psychological and Social Consequences of Internal Displacement and the Process of Return / 277
A. Tamer Aker
Internal Displacement and Reparative Justice:
Implementation of the Compensation Law in the Province of Hakkari / 291
Dilek Kurban

Chapter VI: Conclusion / 313
Dilek Kurban, Deniz Yükseker, Ayşe Betül Çelik, Turgay Ünalan, A. Tamer Aker
Towards a Solution to Turkey's Internal Displacement Problem:
Social Reconciliation and Rehabilitation / 315
Turkey's Internal Displacement Problem: Solution Proposals / 327

Tables / 333
Table 1: The Distribution of Internally Displaced Persons across Continents as of the End of 2005 / 335
Table 2: The Breakdown of Petitions under the Compensation Law as of 31 December 2005 (Selected Provinces) / 336
Table 3: The Nationwide State of Petitions under the Compensation Law as of the End of May 2006 / 337
Table 4: Work Conducted by the Diyarbakir Damage Assessment Commission as of 28 April 200G / 337
Table 5:
Work Conducted by the Batman Damage Assessment Commission as of 14 June 2006 / 338
Table 6: Nationwide Green Card Ownership / 338
Table 7: Ratios of Nationwide and RVRP-Wide Green Card Ownership / 339
Table 8: Comparison of Direct Income Support Payments between RVRP Provinces and All of Tu rkey i n 2004 / 339
Table 9: Work Conducted by the Hakkari Damage Assessment Commission as of 31 January 2006 / 340

Addenda / 341
"What the Report Leaves Unsaid" / 343
Commentary on Hacettepe Survey
Dilek Kurban
Open Lettertothe Ministry of Interior / 347
Commentary on Hacettepe Survey
Dilek Kurban
Bibliography / 351
Authors'Biographies / 369




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