CONTENTS
CHAPTER I. MILITARY OPERATIONS IN MESOPOTAMIA FROM THE DEATH OF GENERAL MAUDE TO THE ARMISTICE . page i
General Marshall succeeds General Maude. Military Policy. Question of Arab co-operation. Occupation of Middle Euphrates. Occupation of Kirkuk. Sir Percy Cox leaves for England. Question of advance on Mosul. Operations on the Tigris. The Armistice. Occupation of Mosul wilayat.
CHAPTER II. THE ADVANCE TO THE CASPIAN page 24
Events in Russia, General Dunsterville's Mission. Occupation of Enzeli. Eastern Committee of War Cabinet. Embarrassments in Mesopotamia consequent on military commitments in Persia. Famine in N.W. Persia. Persian misapprehen¬sions and resentment. Railway survey from Khanaqin to Hamadan. Christian refugees. Military virtues of Assyrian mountaineers. Attempted repatriation. Developments in Persia. Mr. Edwin Montagu and Lord Curzon.
CHAPTER III. THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL RESOURCES. THE GROWTH OF THE POLICE FORCE AND ARAB LEVIES page 45
Organization of man-power. Jail Corps. Labour Corps. Use of oil fuel and coal. Construction of gunboats. Compulsory service at Abadan and on oil-fields. Gallantry of Robert Lindsay and James Still at Tembi. Failure to substitute oil for coal on rivers and railways. Proposed oil refinery at Baghdad. Agricultural Development Scheme. Sir John Hewett. Cattle-breeding. Sheep and Wool. Dairies. Chicken-Farms. Department of Local Resources. Brig.-Gen. Dickson. Military Works Dept. Police Force. Lt.-Col. Prescott. Shabana and Levies. Bt.-Maj. Boyle. Loyalty of Levies and Police.
CHAPTER IV. THE GROWTH OF THE CIVIL ADMINISTRATION DUR-ING 1918 page 72
Trouble at Najaf. Captain Marshall murdered. Najaf blockaded. Conspirators hanged. Complicity of German officers. Captain Balfour presented with sword of honour. Civil Administration introduced. Land Tenure Systems. Position at Samawa and Ramadi. The Blockade. The Shammar Jarba`. Position on Diyala River and at Khanaqin. E. B. Soane. Abandonment and reoccupation of Kirkuk. Baghdad. Red Cross fetes. Municipal activities. The Oudh Bequest. Progress in Basra wilayat. Public Health. The Irrigation Dept. Qurna, Muntafiq, and `Amara Divisions. Deportation of Civilians. Justice and Education. Political uncertainties.
CHAPTER V. POLITICAL DISCUSSIONS NOV. 1918 TO MAY 1919 page 1o1
General Marshall's announcement. Anglo-French Declaration of 8th November 1918. Proposed terms of peace. Proposals for an Arab Empire. Future governance of `Iraq. The Arab Bureau. Self-determination in `Iraq. Commendation of His Majesty's Government. Peace Conference at Paris. Discussion in London. Alternative and provisional schemes considered and approved.
CHAPTER VI. UNCERTAINTY IN `IRAQ AND DISTURBANCES IN KURDISTAN DEC. 1918 TO AUG. 1919 . page 122
Situation in April 1919. Inability of H.M's Government to make any statement of policy as regards Mosul. Proposals for constitutional organization. The question of Mosul. San Remo agreement. Captain Noel. Shaikh Mahmud. Sharif Pasha. Saiyid Taha. Rowandiz. E. B. Soane. Shaikh Mahmud revolts; is defeated, sentenced to death, and reprieved. Position in the Middle East. Ques¬tion of railway construction. Question of S. Kurdistan. Murders of Captain Pearson, Willey, and Macdonald. Punitive operations in Kurdistan. Fresh dis¬turbances. Murder of Bill and Scott. Further punitive operations. A period of quiescence.
CHAPTER VII. CIVIL ADMINISTRATION DURING 1919 . page 156
Administrative difficulties. Temporary contracts. Government of India demands return of its officers. Delays in transit. Divided control in Whitehall. Parliamentary references to Mesopotamia. Departmental reductions. Irrigation Department. Sir John Hewett's Mission and Reports. Organization of Civil Administration. Judicial and Educational Organizations.
CHAPTER VIII. ARMY CHAPLAINS, Y.M.C.A., CHURCH ARMY, CAN¬TEENS, AND WAR GRAVES COMMISSION page 186
The supply of Chaplains. Episcopal Visitations. Ecclesiastical Reorganization. General Maude's attitude towards religious observance. His last hours. Christian refugees. The Church Army. Christian principles and the Civil Administration. The Y.M.C.A. The Order of St. John of Jerusalem. The British Red Cross. The Joint War Committees. Expeditionary Force Canteens. The Imperial War Graves Commission. The Basra War Memorial. The Maude Memorial
CHAPTER IX. ADMINISTRATIVE PROBLEMS 1919-20 . page 208
The Treaty of Versailles. The Covenant of the League of Nations. The Man-date. Municipal and Divisional Councils. Popular feeling in `Iraq. Peace tarries. Monsignor Martin. French Government officials. Sir John Cowans. Question of pre-war rights and concessions. Disposal of war stores. Disposal of river craft. Lord Inchcape. Transfer of I.W.T. and Railways to Civil Administration. Civil Budget of 1920. Civil Expenditure of 1920.
CHAPTER X. THE FIRST FOUR MONTHS OF 192o page 227
Political atmospherics. The Syrian regime. Frontier between Syria and `Iraq. `Ana. Dair-ez-Zor seized by filibusters. Ramadhan-al-Shallash. The War Office bungle matters. We decline to reoccupy Dair-ez-Zor. Maulud Pasha. Faisal proclaimed King of Syria. 'Abdulla proclaimed Amir of `Iraq. References to `Iraq in Parliament. Proposal to maintain order in `Iraq through Royal Air Force. Mr. Winston Churchill's proposals. Mr. Asquith's views. Fresh con¬stitutional proposals. Sir Edgar Bonham-Carter's committee.
CHAPTER XI. THE ACCEPTANCE OF THE MANDATE—AND AFTER page 248
Acceptance of Mandate at San Remo announced in `Iraq. Constitutional pro¬posals. Reception of Mandate by nationalists. Popular attitude. Disturbances during Ramadhan. The challenge of the nationalists. Their demands answered. Views of Basra and Hilla notables. Views of tribal leaders. Kurdish opinion. Return of Sir Percy Cox announced. Constitutional proposals accepted. Commendation of H.M's Government. Sir Percy Cox passes through Baghdad. Discussions in Parliament. Saiyid Talib Pasha al Naqib. Disorders on Diyala. Views of Sir Percy Cox.
CHAPTER XII. THE MILITARY SITUATION IN 192o page 270
Sir Aylmer Haldane replaces Sir George MacMunn. Military difficulties. Stores. Women and children. Prisoners of War. Refugees. Position in Persia. Tal `Afar attacked. Political officers killed. General Haldane leaves for Persia. Karbala. Diwaniya. Hilla. Kufa. Shatra. Qalat Sikar. Arbil. Sulaimani. Falluja. Kufa. Political Officers killed. Col. Leachman murdered. Samawa. H.M.S. Greenfly's crew killed. Officers of Royal Air Force killed. Karbala. Hilla. The Manchester Regiment. The rebellion quelled. Punitive measures.
CHAPTER XIII. POLITICAL DISCUSSIONS JUNE—OCT. 192o page 3o3
J`afar Pasha. Foreign Office refuse to permit him to return to `Iraq. Events in Syria. Proposal to offer Emir Faisal throne of `Iraq. French action in Syria. Question of sovereignty. What is a rebel ? Staff difficulties. Sir Stanley Reed. Causes of rising. Criticism at home. Objections to mandatory system. Vale¬dictory messages. Sir Percy Cox returns.
APPENDICES • 327
NOTE
The bibliographical notes in this volume refer to the List of Authorities in Loyalties, Mesopotamia, 1914-17. | 
