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Empire of Difference


Auteur :
Éditeur : Cambridge University Press Date & Lieu : 2008-01-01, Cambridge
Préface : Pages : 360
Traduction : ISBN : 978-0-521-88740-3
Langue : AnglaisFormat : 155x230 mm
Code FIKP : Liv. Ang. Bar. Emp. 4651Thème : Général

Présentation
Table des Matières Introduction Identité PDF
Empire of Difference

Empire of Difference

Karen Barkey

Cambridge


Empire of Difference: The Ottomans in Comparative Perspective is a comparative study of imperial organization and longevity that assesses Ottoman successes and failures against those of other empires with similar characteristics. Karen Barkey examines the Ottoman Empire’s social organization and mechanisms of rule at key moments of its history: emergence, imperial institutionalization, remodeling, and transition to nationstate.

She reveals how the empire managed these moments to adapt and avert crises and examines what changes made it transform dramatically. The flexible techniques by which the Ottomans maintained their legitimacy, the cooperation of their diverse elites both at the center and in the provinces, as well as their control over economic and human resources were responsible for the longevity of this particular “negotiated empire.” Barkey’s analysis illuminates topics such as imperial governance, institutional continuity and change, imperial diversity and multiculturalism, multifarious forms of internal dissent, and the varying networks of state- society negotiations.



Karen Barkey is professor of sociology and history at Columbia University. She is the author of Bandits and Bureaucrats: The Ottoman Route to State Centralization, winner of the Social Science History Award in 1995, and coeditor with Mark von Hagen of After Empire: Multiethnic Societies and Nation-Building: The Soviet Union, and the Russian, Habsburg, and Ottoman Empires.
She has been awarded fellowships from the United States Institute of Peace, Social Science Research Council-MacArthur, and the National Humanities Center.


Table des Matières


Contents


Preface / ix
Transliterations / xv

Part I An Imperial Model

1. Introduction / 3
Empire: An Analytic Framework / 9
The Longevity of Empires: Critical Concepts and Issues / 15

2. Emergence: Brokerage across Networks / 28
A Frontier Society: Contradictions, Constraints, and Opportunities / 36
Osman: The Construction of a Network (1290-1326) / 45
The Internal Boundaries of the New State / 58
Conclusion / 64
Appendix to Chapter 2 / 65

3. Becoming an Empire: Imperial Institutions and Control / 67
From Conquest to Imperial Domains / 72
Establishing a Strong Center: Patrimonial Army and Peoples / 74
Establishing Provincial Rule and Managing Frontiers / 83
Establishing Control: A Segmented Society and a Flexible Economy / 93
Legitimating a Normative Order / 98
Conclusion: The Role of Islam / 104

4. Maintaining Empire: An Expression of Tolerance / 109
Ottoman Tolerance: Marking the Boundaries / 119
The Devshirme / 123
Conversion / 125
The Sürgün / 128
A Capacious Administration of Difference / 130
Institutional Genesis / 132
Alternatives to Religious Community / 143
The Absence of Intercommunal Violence / 146
Conclusion / 150

5. The Social Organization of Dissent / 154
Persecuting the Past: Heterodoxy under Fire / 164
Șeyh Bedreddin / 169
The Kizilbaș (Redheads) / 175
Celalis / 178
Islamic Ultra Orthodoxy and Jewish Messianism: Dissent in the Seventeenth Century / 181
Conclusion / 190

Part II The Transformation of the Eighteenth Century

6. An Eventful Eighteenth Century: Empowering the Political / 197
A Short Historical Account of the Eighteenth Century / 201
State Power and Social Forces: Three Episodes of Learning the Politics of Opposition / 205
The Edirne Event: 1703 / 206
The Patrona Halil Revolt: 1730 / 213
The Sened-i Ittifak: 1808 / 218
Conclusion / 225

7. A Networking Society: Commercialization, Tax Farming, and Social Relations / 226
Tax Farming and Commercialization / 228
The Extension of Ottoman Tax Farming / 229
The Brave New World of Trade / 236
Reworking Elite Networks: Institutions, Actors, and Activities / 242
Notables, State Positions, and Tax Farms / 244
Notables and Trade / 252
The Transitional Modernity of Notables / 256
Conclusion / 262

8. On the Road out of Empire: Ottomans Struggle from Empire
to Nation-State / 264
Toward State Centralization / 266
Decentralization, Decline, or Restoration under Federalism: The Role of Tax Farming / 270
Minorities at Risk: Toleration Unraveled and the Construction of “Bounded Identities” / 277
Religion and Legitimacy / 289

Bibliography / 297
Index / 323




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