Contents
Abbreviations used / xiv
Introduction / xv
Chapter One
The Caliphs
1. The Rightly-Guided or'Patriarchal'or'Orthodox'Caliphs / 1
(al-Khulafâ’ al-Râshidûn)
2. The Umayyad Caliphs / 3
1. The Sufyânids
2. The Marwânids
3. The 'Abbâsid Caliphs / 6
1. The caliphs in Iraq and Baghdad
2. The caliph in Aleppo, Harran and northern Syria
3. The caliphs in Cairo
Chapter Two
Spain
4. The Spanish Umayyads / 11
5. The Mulük al-Tawa’if or Reyes de Taifas in Spain / 14
1. The Hammüdids of Malaga
2. The Hammüdids of Ceuta
3. The 'Abbâdids of Seville
4. The Banü Birzâl in Carmona
5. The Banü Khazrün in Arcos
6. The Zirids of Granada
7. The Banü Sumâdih of Almeria
8. The Banü Mujahid of Dénia and Majorca
9. The rulers in Majorca during the eleventh and early twelfth centuries
10. The Jahwarids of Cordova
11. The rulers in Cordova of the Almoravid-Almohad interregnum
12. The Aftasids of Badajoz
13. The Dhu ’1-Nünids of Toledo
14. The 'Amirids of Valencia
15. The rulers in Valencia of the Almoravid-Almohad interregnum
16. The Tujibids in Saragossa
17. The Hüdids in Saragossa, Huesca, Tudela and Lérida, and, subsequently, Dénia, Tortosa and Calatayud
18. The rulers of Murcia, including the Tâhirids and Hüdids
6. The Banu Ghaniya / 21
7. The Nasrids or Banu ’1-Ahmar / 22
Chapter Three
North Africa
8. The Idrisids / 25
9. The Rustamids / 27
10. The Midràrids / 29
11. The Aghlabids / 31
12. The Kalbids / 33
13. The Zïrids and Hammâdids / 35
14. The Almoravids or al-Murâbitûn / 37
15. The Almohads or al-Muwahhidûn / 39
16. The Marïnids / 41
17. The 'Abd al-Wâdids or Zayyânids or Ziyânids / 43
18. The Hafsids / 45
19. The Wattâsids / 48
20. The Sa'did Sharïfs / 50
21. The'Alawid or Filâll Sharifs / 53
22. The Husaynid Beys / 55
23. The Qaramânlîs / 57
24. The Sanusi Chiefs and Rulers / 58
Chapter Four
Egypt and Syria
25. The Tûlûnids / 60
26. The Ikhshidids / 62
27. The Fâtimids / 63
28. The Mirdasids / 66
29. The chief dâ'ïs of the Nizârî Isma'ïlïs or Assassins in Syria / 68
30. The Ayyûbids / 70
1. The line in Egypt
2. The line in Damascus
3. The line in Aleppo
4. The line in Hirns
5. The line in Hamât
6. The line in Diyâr Bakr (Mayyâfâriqîn and Jabal Sinjar)
7- The line in Diyâr Bakr (Hisn Kayfâ, Amid and Akhlât)
8. The line in Yemen
9. The minor branches of the family in Ba'lbakk, Karak, Bâniyâs and Subayba, and Busrâ
31. The Mamluks / 76
1. The Bahrî line
2. The Burjî line
32. The Ma'n Amirs of Lebanon / 81
33. The Shihâb Amirs of Lebanon / 82
34. The house of Muhammad 'All / 83
Chapter Five
Iraq and Jazlra before the Seljuqs
35. The Hamdânids / 85
1. The line in Mosul and Jazlra
2. The line in Aleppo and northern Syria
36. The Mazyadids / 87
37. The Marwânids / 89
38. The 'Uqaylids / 91
1. The line in Jazirat Ibn 'Umar, Nislbln and Balad of Muhammad b. al-Musayyab al-'Uqayll
2. The line in Mosul and later in Jazirat Ibn 'Umar,
Nislbln and Balad, also of the al-Musayyab line
3. The line in Takrit of Ma'n b. al-Muqallad's descendants
4. The line in Hit
5. The line in 'Ukbarâ of Ma'n b. al-Muqallad's descendants
6. The other minor branches at Àna and al-Hadltha and at Qal'at Ja'bar
39. The Numayrids / 93
Chapter Six
The Arabian Peninsula
40. The Carmathian or Qarmatî Rulers of the line of Abu Sa'ïd al-Jannâbï / 94
41. The Zaydï Imams of Yemen / 96
1. The early period: the Rassid line
2. The more recent period: the Qâsimid line
42. The Ziyâdids / 99
43. The Yu'firids or Ya'furids / 100
44. The Najâhids / 101
45. The Sulayhids / 102
46. The Zuray'ids or Banu’l-Karam / 104
47. The Hamdânids / 106
1. The first line of the Banü Hâtim
2. The line of the Banu ’1-Qubayb
3. The second line of the Banü Hâtim
48. The Mahdids / 107
49. The Rasûlids / 108
50. The Tâhirids / 110
51. The Al al-Julandâ / 111
52. The Mukramids / 112
53. The Ya'rubids / 113
54. The Al Bû Sa'ïd / 114
1. The united sultanate
2. The line of sultans in Oman
3. The line of sultans in Zanzibar
55. The Al Su'üd (Sa'üd) / 116
56. The Hâshimite Sharifs of Mecca from the 'Awn family / 118
1. The original line in Western Arabia
2. The post-First World War branches of the Hâshimite family in the Fertile Crescent countries
(a) The line in Syria
(b) The line in Iraq
(c) The line in Transjordan and then Jordan
57. The Al Rashid / 120
Chapter Seven
West Africa
58. The Keita Kings of Mali / 122
59. The Kings of Songhay / 124
1. The Zas or Zuwas of Gao
2. The Sis or Sonnis
3. The Askiyas
60. The Rulers of Kanem and Bornu or Borno / 126
1. The 'red' (i.e. white) Sayfï (Sefuwa) or Yazanï rulers of Kanem
2. The 'black' Sultans of Kanem
3. The new line of Sultans in Bornu, the Mais or rulers, claiming Sayfï descent
4. The Kanembu line of Shaykhs or Shehus of Bornu and Dikwa
(a) The Shehus in Bornu, reinstated by the British
(b) The Shehus and Mais in Dikwa, reinstated by the French
61. The Fulani Rulers in Hausaland, as Sultans and Caliphs of Sokoto / 130
Chapter Eight
East Africa and the Horn of Africa
62. The Sultans of Kilwa / 132
1. The Shïrâzï dynasty
2. The Mahdali Sayyids
63. The Nabhânï Rulers of Pate / 134
64. The Mazrui (Mazrü'ï) Liwalis or Governors of Mombasa / 136
65. The Al Bü Sa'ïd in East Africa / 137
66. The Sultans of Harar / 138
1. The line of Ahmad Gran in Harar and Ausa
2. The line of 'Alî b. Dâwüd in Harar, independent of Ausa
Chapter Nine
The Caucasus and the Western Persian Lands before the Seljuqs
67. The Sharwân Shahs / 140
1. The first line of Yazïdï Shahs
2. The second line of Shahs
68. The Hâshimids / 143
69. The Justânids / 145
70. The Sâjids / 147
71. The Musâfirids or Sallarids / 148
1. The line in Azerbaijan
2. The line in Daylam
72. The Rawwâdids / 150
73. The Shaddadids / 151
1. The main line in Ganja and Dvin
2. The line in Ànï
74. The Dulafids / 153
75. The Büyids or Buwayhids / 154
1. The line in Jibal
(a) The branch in Hamadan and Isfahan
(b) The branch in Rayy
2. The line in Fars (Fars) and Khûzistân •
3. The line in Kirman (Kirmân)
4. The line in Iraq
5. The rulers of the dynasty acknowledged by local chiefs in Oman
76. The Hasanuyids or Hasanawayhids / 158
77. The 'Annâzids / 159
78. The Kâküyids or Kâkawayhids / 160
79. The Dâbüyid Ispahbadhs / 162
80. The Bâwandid Ispahbadhs / 164
1. The line of the Kâwüsiyya (Tabaristân), with their centre at Firrïm
2. The line of the Ispahbadhiyya (Tabaristân and Gllân), with their centre at Sari
3. The line of the Kînkhwâriyya (vassals of the II Khânids), with their centre at Amul
81. The Ziyârids / 166
Chapter Ten
The Eastern Persian Lands, Transoxania and Khwârazm before the Seljuqs
82. The Tâhirids and Mus'abids / 168
1. The governors in Khurasan and its administrative dependencies
2. The military governors (Ashâb al-Shurta) in Baghdad and Iraq
83. The Sâmânids / 170
84. The Saffarids / 172
1. The Laythid branch
2. The Khalafid branch
85. The Bânïjürids or Abu Dâwüdids / 174
86. The Sïmjürids 175
87. The Ilyâsids / 176
88. The Muhtâjids 177
89. The Khwârazm Shâhs / 178
1. The Afrïghids of Kâth
2. The Ma’münids of Gurgânj
3. The Ghaznawid governors with the title of Khwârazm Shâh
4. The line of Anüshtigin Shihna, originally as governors for the Seljuqs with the title of Khwârazm Shâh, from towards the mid-twelfth century often in practice largely independent rulers in Khwârazm and, at times, in Transoxania and Persia
90. The Qarakhânids / 181
1. The Great Qaghans of the United Kingdom
2. The Great Qaghans of the western kingdom (Transoxania, including Bukhara and Samarkand, and Farghâna at times), with its centre at Samarkand
3. The Great Qaghans of the eastern kingdom (Ilaq, Talas, Shâsh, at times Farghâna, Semirechye, Kâshghar and Khotan), with its centre at Balâsâghûn, later Kâshghar
4. The Qaghans in Farghâna, with their centre in Uzgend
chapter eleven The Seljuqs, Their Dependants and the Atabegs
91. The Seljuqs / 185
1. The Great Seljuqs in Persia and Iraq
2. The Seljuqs of Syria
3. The Seljuqs of Kirman
92. The Bonds or Burids / 189
93. The Zangids / 190
1. The main line in Mosul and Aleppo
2. The line in Damascus and then Aleppo
3. The line in Sinjar
4. The line in Jazlra
5. The line in Shahrazür
94. The Begtiginids / 192
95. The Lu’lu’ids / 193
96. TheArtuqids / 194
1. The line in Hisn Kayfâ and Amid
2. The line in Khartpert
3. The line in Mârdïn and Mayyâfâriqîn
97. The Shâh-i Armanids / 197
1. The Sôkmenids
2. The Sokmenid slave commanders
98. The Ahmadîlls / 198
99. The Eldigüzids or Ildegizids / 199
100. The Bâdüspânids / 201
1. The rulers of the united principality
2. The rulers in Kujûr (with the title of Malik)
3. The rulers in Nür (with the title of Malik)
101. The Nizârî Ismâ'ïlïs or Assassins in Persia / 203
102. The Hazaraspids / 205
103. The Salghurids / 207
104. The Atabegs of Yazd / 209
105. The Qutlughkhânids / 210
106. The Maliks of Nimruz / 211
1. The Nasrids
2. The Mihrabânids chapter twelve The Turks in Anatolia
107. The Seljuqs of Rüm / 213
108. The Danishmendids / 215
1. The line in Sivas
2. The line in Malatya and Elbistan
109. The Mengüjekids / 217
1. The line in Erzincan and Kemakh
2. The line in Divrigi
110. The Saltuqids / 218
111. The Qarasï (Karasï) Oghullarï / 219
112. The Sarukhân Oghullarï / 220
113. The Aydïn Oghullarï / 221
114. The Menteshe Oghullarï / 222
115. The Inanj Oghullarï / 223
116. The Germiyan Oghullarï / 224
117. The Sâhib Ata Oghullarï / 225
118. The Hamïd Oghullarï and the Tekke Oghullarï / 226
1. The Hamïd Oghullarï line in Egridir
2. The Tekke Oghullarï line in Antalya
119. The Beys of Alanya / 227
120. The Ashraf (Eshref) Oghullarï / 228
121. The Jândâr Oghullarï or Isfandiyâr (Isfendiyâr) Oghullarï / 229
122. The Parwâna Oghullarï / 230
123. The Chobân Oghullarï / 231
124. The Qaramân Oghullarï or Qaramânids / 232
125. The Eretna Oghullarï / 234
126. The Qâdî Burhân al-Dîn Oghullarï / 235
127. The Tâj al-Dïn Oghullarï / 236
128. The Ramadan Oghullarï / 237
129. The Dulghadïr Oghullarï or Dhu’1-Qadrids / 238
130. The Ottomans or Osmanlis / 239
Chapter Thirteen
The Mongols and their Central Asian and Eastern European Successors
The Mongols or Chingizids
131. The Mongol Great Khans, Descendants of Ôgedey and Toluy,
later the Yüan Dynasty of China / 246
132. The Chaghatayids, Descendants of Chaghatay / 248
133. The II Khânids, Descendants of Qubilay's brother Hülegü / 250
134. The Khans of the Golden Horde, Descendants of Jochi / 252
1. The line of Batu’ids, Khans of the Blue Horde in South Russia, Khwârazm and the western part of the Qïpchaq steppe
2. The line of Orda, Khans of the White Horde in western Siberia and the eastern part of the Qïpchaq steppe, and, after 780/1378, of the Blue and White Hordes united into the Golden Horde of South Russia
135. The Giray Khans of the Crimea, Descendants of Jochi / 255
1. The Khans of the Crimea
2. The Khans of the Tatars of Bujaq or Bessarabia, as Ottoman nominees
136. The Khans of Astrakhan (Astrakhan, Ashtarkhân) / 258
137. The Khans of Kazan (Qâzân) / 259
1. The line of Ulugh Muhammad
2. Khans from various outside lines
138. The Khâns of Qâsimov / 261
1. The Khâns from the line of rulers of Kazan
2. The Khâns from the line of the rulers of the Crimea
3. The Khâns from the line of the rulers of Astrakhan
4. Kazakh Khân 5. The Khâns from the line of the rulers of Siberia
Chapter Fourteen
Persia after the Mongols
139. The Karts or Kurts / 263
140. The Muzaffarids / 264
141. Thelnju’ids / 266
142. The Jalâyirids / 267
143. The Sarbadârids / 269
144. The Tïmürids / 270
1. The rulers in Samarkand
2. The rulers in Khurasan after Ulugh Beg's death
3. The rulers in western Persia and Iraq after Timur
145. The Qara Qoyunlu / 273
146. The Aq Qoyunlu / 275
147. The Musha'sha'ids / 277
148. The Safawids / 279
149. TheAfshârids / 281
150. The Zands / 283
151. The Qâjârs / 285
152. The Pahlawis chapter fifteen Central Asia after the Mongols / 287
153. The Shïbânids (Shaybânids) or Abu ’1-Khayrids / 288
154. The Toqay Temürids or Jânids or Ashtarkhânids / 290
155. The Mangïts / 292
156. The Qungrats or Inaqids / 293
157. The Mings chapter sixteen Afghanistan and the Indian Subcontinent / 295
158. The Ghaznawids / 296
159. The Ghürids / 298
1. The main line in Ghür and then also in Ghazna
2. The line in Bâmiyân, Tukhâristân and Badakhshan
160. The Delhi Sultans / 300
1. The Mu'izzi or Shamsi Slave Kings
2. The Khaljis
3. The Tughluqids
4. The Sayyids
5. The Lôdïs 6. The Suris
161. The Governors and Sultans of Bengal / 306
1. The governors for the Delhi Sultans, often ruling as independent sovereigns
2. The governors, and then independent rulers, of Balban's line
3. The line of Ilyâs Shâh 4. The line of Râjâ Ganesa (Ganesh)
5. The line of Ilyâs Shâh restored
6. The domination of the Habashis
7. The line of Sayyid Husayn Shâh
8. The Suris
9. The Kararanis
162. The Sultans of Kashmir / 310
1. The line of Shâh Mir Swâti
2. The line of Ghâzi Shâh Chak
163. The Sultans of Gujarat / 312
164. The Sharqï Sultans of Jawnpur / 314
165. The Sultans and Rulers of Mâlwa / 316
1. The line of the Ghürïs
2. The line of the Khaljis
3. Various governors and independent rulers
166. The Sultans of Ma'bar or Madura / 318
167. The Bahmanids / 319
1. The rulers at Ahsanâbâd-Gulbargâ
2. The rulers in Muhammadâbâd-Bîdar
168. The Fârüqï Rulers of Khândesh / 322
169. The Barïd Shâhîs / 324
170. The'Adil Shâhis / 325
171. The Nizam Shâhîs / 326
172. The 'Imâd Shâhîs / 327
173. The Qutb Shâhîs / 328
174. The Arghüns / 329
1. The line of Dhu ’1-Nûn Beg
2. The line of Muhammad 'ïsâ Tarkhân
175. The Mughal Emperors / 331
176. The Nawwâb-Viziers and Nawwâb-Nâzims of Bengal / 335
177. The Nawwâb-Viziers and Kings of Oudh (Awadh) / 337
178. The Nâzims of Hyderabad (Haydarâbâd) / 339
179. The Muslim Rulers in Mysore (Mahisur, Maysür) / 340
180. The Abdâlï or Durrani Rulers and Kings of Afghanistan / 341
1. The Sadozays or Popalzays
2. The Bârakzays or Muhammadzays
Chapter Seventeen
South-East Asia and Indonesia
181. The Rulers of Malacca (Melaka) / 344
182. The Sultans of Acheh (Atjèh, Aceh) / 346
183. The Rulers of Mataram / 348
184. The Susuhunans of Surakarta / 350
185. The Sultans of Jogjakarta / 351
186. The Sultans of Brunei / 353
Indexes / 357
(a) Personal names
(b) Dynasties, peoples, tribes, etc.
(c) Places |
