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Narrative of a tour through Armenia, Kurdistan, Persia and Mesopotamia I


Auteur :
Éditeur : D. Appleton & Co. Date & Lieu : 1840-01-01, New York
Préface : Pages : 326
Traduction : ISBN :
Langue : AnglaisFormat : 120x195 mm
Code FIKP : Lp. Ang. Gen. 23Thème : Histoire

Présentation
Table des Matières Introduction Identité PDF
Narrative of a tour through Armenia, Kurdistan, Persia and Mesopotamia I

Narrative of a tour through Armenia, Kurdistan, Persia and Mesopotamia
Vol. I

The work now offered to the English public was originally prepared with reference to its publication in this country. Hence the reader will find the Church of England frequently associated with the Episcopal Church of America, to which the author belongs. The obligations of the Reformed Churches of the West to the Episcopal Communions of the East rest both upon the mother and the daughter, -but not equally. The measure of Christian responsibility being that which we have, there must surely be demanded of the parent Church of Great Britain efforts far superior to any that may fairly be expected of her youthful daughter in America. I speak not of human demands, but of that which the Great Head of the Church Universal expects of us. And yet, I think, that I rightly interpret the sentiment of the American Church, when I say, that she is ready to follow closely in the steps of, the English Church in the sublime enterprise of re-uniting the dissevered members of the Body of Christ in a Primitive and Apostolic Communion. Such a consummation it is, in part, the design of the present work to promote, and the author gladly avails himself of the opportunity which his journey through England (on his return to the lands which have been the scene of his former travels and labours) affords him of presenting the results of his recent investigations to the English people, and especially to the members of the Established Church.


Table des Matières

Contents of volume first

Introduction

Mohammed - the Koran - the sunneh, or oral law - Mohammedan theology - the mussulman catechism – the Mohammedan sect, sunnites and shiahs - historystory of their origin - difference in their creeds - doctrines of the Persians respecting Ali the founder of their sect - believers in his divinity - minor differences between the two sects - mutual enmity - Turks and Persians contrasted – other schisms in Mohammedanism - present state / 1

Chapter I
From New York to Constantinople
Farewell meeting – instructions – embarkation - journey through France - voyage through the Mediterranean archipelago – Syra – English and American missions – Islands - the troad -Turkish peasant - Alexandria troas - St. Papaul – steamers - first impressions the Hellespont - Mussulman devotions - arrival at Constantinople / 51

II – Constantinople
Study of the Turkish - its use - right judgment of eastern character – lodgings - Hassuna d'gchiz - teachers of Turkish - Turkish honesty - pilgrimage to mecca - sultan's portraits - Mohammedan aversion to pictures - the royal schools - ignorance of foreign languages among the Turks - comparison of English and French labours in oriental literature - the plague – its character – fatality precautions against it-effects of its appearance in a family - feelings of the Turks respecting it - ignorance a cause of neglecting precautions - its influence on missionary operations / 65
X Contents

III.-Constantinople
Drought - public prayer for relief - superstition, a feature of Mohammedanism – Ramazan, or month of fasting - its institution - its observance - parallel with Christian fasts - commencement of the fast, how determined - penalty for violating it - opening of the fast in 1836-mode of spending the day during Ramazan - scenes at sunset - illuminations - anniversary of the sultan's birth - night of power - close of the fast - minor fasts / 89

IV.-Constantinople
Mohammedans feasts - Turkish Passover - the feast of sacrifice - procession and public services - festivities - effect of the fast and feast on Mohammedans - Christianity insulted - mosques - those of Turkey and Persia described and compared - different classes of mosques-many of them originally churches - St. Sophia, the model - the minarets - the exterior - the interior - structure of the ancient churches - candles - ornaments - the pulpit - preaching - impressive feature of Islamism / 106

V.-Constantinople
Retrospect - disappointment in colleagues - decision - excursion in Asia Minor - disappointment relieved - preparation for the tour - my attendant - ills character and travels - incident in the bazars - Turkish court of justice - the Kadi - oaths - bond - false witnesses - the issue - opinions of Mohammedans respecting the sacred scriptures - doctrine of the Koran - resemblances and discrepancies between the Koran and the bible - the latter, how regarded by turks - how far circulated - the bible in Persia - martyr's labours / 125

VI.-From Constantinople to Trebizond.
Firman - its character - departure from Constantinople - passengers - black sea - Sinope - Trebizond - its early history - description -  population - Osman pasha - changes - friends / 142

VII. -Trebizond to Gumush Khaneh
Caravans and post-horses - leave Trebizond - lazes - valley chiefs  - visit from one - the peasant - hills at sunrise - oppression - defeat of reform - summits – snow - storm – Stavros - Turkish travellers - Gumush Khaneh - mines and poverty - Turkish polity - population - schools - hospitality / 150

VIII. -From Gumush Khaneh to Erzroum
Leave Gumush Khaneh - Xenophon -  ancient fortress – Balahor Baibout - singular edict of the sultan - cause of it - how far obeyed - Mussulmans of Baybout - prospects of reform - medical labours - Belicious charity - its objects - its decline - scene among the mountains - Ashkaleh - warm springs - plain of Erzroum - general remarks - agriculture – people / 161

IX. –Erzroum, journey towards Moush
Antiquities of Erzroum - the modern town – trade - houses-climate -population-new mosque-past and present compared-change of plan - determine to enter Kurdistan - preparations and precautions - change of dress - utility and necessity of it – muleteer - first day's journey - Kurdish girl - the araxes - Kurdish tents-reception-manners of the people-repast-the Egyptian – presents – mountains - plain of Kheunneus arous – lodgings - illustration of scripture – villagers - Armenian priests / 172

X. -Journey to Moush, description of Moush
Mountains and rivers - young Kurd the Euphrates – fish - plain of Moush - bridges - Moush - position - interior- population - redressed - curiosity excited – Armenians - miraculous book – monastery - Armenian Catholics - Kurds-appearance – manners – dress - trade – productions - the pasha - visit of the Russians / 189

XI.-Journey from Moush to Bitlis
Departure - plain op Moush - Marnik - Armenian – peasantry – villages - houses-people - churches - robbers-ride to Bitlis - is Khans -approach to the town / 201

XII.-bitlis.
Arrival - interview with the governor - my host - the banker - situation op the town - buildings and streets – trade - fruits evening scene-visit to the Armenian bishop – mosque - adventure - medresseh - population - manners - Armenians – Kurds - character of the mountain Kurds - devil worshipper - government – antiquities – regrets - Armenian hospitality / 209

XIII.-From Bitlis to Vastan.
Departure -musicians -muleteer - pilgrims - friends-peak of nimrod - foreigners in Bitlis – robbers - first view of the lake of Van- villages – water – illness – Elmaleu - night of the 4th of July - difficult path – pougah - Kurdish villages-pilfering - wandering Kurds - a dance - difficult passage of a mountain country along the southern shore of the lake – adventure agriculture – cascade - virtue op cold water - Akhtamar / 224

XIV.-From Vastan to Van.
Vastan - Kurdish Bey - Mohammedan piety – rivers - Shanikoum illustration of scripture - view of the lake – Erdremid - introduction to the pasha of Van – chairs – homage - lodgings / 241

XV.-Van
History of Van – situation - ancient remains - partial destruction by Tamerlane – gardens - ancient inscription - my host - repast etiquette of the table - eastern and western habits compared – Sunday - the church - government of Van – military - Schultz - the city – trade – inhabitants - character of the Armenians - the state of Mohammedanism in these regions / 250

XVI.-Journey from Van into Persia.
Plan of route - miseries of travelling - village of Shah Baghi - lake Altchek – village – guard - face of the country - equestrian exploits - Ararat – ablutions - mode – baths - lustration before burial - ablution with earth - duty of conformity - villages - oppressed Christianity - division of forces - the boundary - Persian muleteers - ceremonial uncleanness / 268

XVII.-Farewell to Kurdistan.
Reception at a Kurdish village - the Nestorian – depredations village mosques - the imam - manner of his appointment - his official character and duties - missionary labour among the Kurds - departure from the apostolic model - character of the Kurds - journey to Salmas - first reception in Persia - first impressions - the mullah - message from a Turkish lady – Salmas / 279

XVIII.-Journey from Salmas to Ourmiah
A Mohammedan catholic - Mohammedan sectarians – Dilman - assassinations-a days journey-sleeping on the house – tops - Persian school - plain of. Ourmiah – mission – house – missionaries - policy of the mission - approaching crisis - our duty -work of the English and American churches / 290

XIX.-Ourmiah
Plan of the mission - clerical pupils - the Nestorians - mountain tribe - confidence in the missionaries – cause - religious services – climate - mounds-plain of Ourmiah - the governor -Persian habits - the lost imam - visit to a village - popularity of the missionary physician - reception at the village / 300

XX. -Journey from Ourmiah to Khoy
Determine to travel by night - plan of journey – departure – robbery - clouds - the bishop's father - lake of Ourmiah - garden at Dilman – night – travelling - roads in the east - plain of Khoy / 312

XXI -Khoy journey to Tebriz.
Garbs - a pilgrim –caravanserais - Mohammedan idea of Christianity - dangerous medicine - Persian prejudice against men of other religions – climate – bazaars – population – mountains - Persian harem - arrival at Tebriz / 318




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