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The Creation of Iraq


Auteurs : |
Éditeur : Columbia University Press Date & Lieu : 2004-01-01, New York
Préface : Pages : 196
Traduction : ISBN : 0-231-13292-1
Langue : AnglaisFormat : 120x210 mm
Code FIKP : Liv. Ang. 2876Thème : Histoire

Présentation
Table des Matières Introduction Identité PDF
The Creation of Iraq

The Creation of Iraq, 1914–1921
Edited by Reeva Spector Simon and Eleanor H. Tejirian

Shortly after World War I, the state we know today as Iraq was invented. Some eighty years later, the United States and a few other countries invaded Iraq with the declared objective of reinventing at least its system of government. The editors of this volume (who also organized the conference that gave birth to it) chose to explore the history of the creation of Iraq, but they also implicitly posed the question of whether the British experience in the early twentieth century had special meaning and lessons for the invaders and liberators of the twenty first.

In fact, while there were many parallels between the two, it was also striking how many differences there were. The Iraq of 1915–1925 was a much more primitive place. Iraq in 2003 had an efficient and functioning  ureaucracy. Although that bureaucratic machinery was at times used for nefarious purposes, it nevertheless provided an invaluable base of expertise and experience that was almost entirely absent when the British marched north to Baghdad. By 2003 Iraq was no longer an illiterate society; mass education had penetrated almost every corner of the populace. By the twenty-first century, oil had become the centerpiece of the Iraqi economy. In the 1920s it was not. Oil changes things. It is typically regarded as a blessing, since it generates great revenue. But oil also has a perverse effect on countries that have it, since money goes directly into the central state coffers with little or none going directly to the people. It frees the government from dependence on the popular will, and thereby tends to discourage democratic behavior and accountability. It is as hard today to predict the effect oil wealth will have on the new Iraq as it would have been to predict the prospect of oil revenues in the 1920s.


Identité

Columbia University Press

Publishers Since 1893
New York Chichester, West Sussex
Copyright © 2004 Columbia University Press

All rights Reserved
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The Creation of Iraq, 1914–1921 / edited by Reeva Spector
Simon and Eleanor H. Tejirian.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.

ISBN 0–231–13292–1 (cl. : alk. paper) — ISBN 0–231–
13293–X (pa. : alk. paper)
1. Iraq—History—1534–1921. 2. Iraq—History—Revolt,
1920. 3. Great Britain—Relations—Iraq. 4. Iraq—Relations—
Great Britain. I. Simon, Reeva S. II. Tejirian, Eleanor Harvey

DS77.C74 2004
956.7 03—dc22 2004045639
A
Columbia University Press books are printed
on permanent and durable acid-free paper.
Printed in the United States of America
c 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
p 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
References to Internet Web Sites (URLs) were accurate at the
time of writing. Neither the editors, the contributors, nor
Columbia University Press is responsible for Web sites that
may have expired or changed since the articles were prepared.


List of Contributors

David Cuthell is the Director of Turkish, Middle Eastern and Central Asian Studies at Stevens Institute of Technology.

David Fromkin, University Professor and Professor of History at Boston University, is the author of A Peace To End All Peace: The Fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East 1914–1922.

George E. Gruen is a Senior Fellow and Academic Advisor at the National Committee on American Foreign Policy. He has served as an Adjunct Professor of International Affairs at the School of International and Public Affairs and currently is a member of Columbia University Seminars on the Middle East, on the History and Culture of the Turks, and on Israel and Jewish Studies.

M. R. Izady is an expert on Middle Eastern affairs with a doctorate from Columbia University. He has taught at various American and European universities, including Harvard. He is presently an Ad. Master Professor of Middle Eastern Studies and History at the Joint Special Operations University, Florida. Izady has testified before two congressional Committees and has authored many books and articles on Middle East subjects.

Lawrence G. Potter is Deputy Director of Gulf/2000, a major research and documentation project on the Persian Gulf states, which is based at Columbia University. He served as Senior Editor at the Foreign Policy Association from 1984 to 1992. He holds a Ph.D. in History from Columbia, where he is Adjunct Associate Professor of International Affairs.

Sarah Shields is associate professor of history at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She is the author of Mosul before Iraq and numerous articles on northern Iraq during the late Ottoman period. She is currently working on a book on the Mosul Question and the Sanjak Question.

Gary Sick served on the National Security Council staff under Presidents Ford, Carter, and Reagan. When this book was being written, he was director of the Middle East Institute at Columbia University.

Reeva Spector Simon is the author of Iraq Between the TwoWorldWars: The Militarist Origins of Tyranny (2004) and co-editor of The Origins of Arab Nationalism (1991); Altruism and Imperialism: Western Cultural and Religious Missions in the Middle East (2002) and The Jews of the Middle East and North Africa in Modern Times (2003).
 
Peter Sinnott has been teaching courses on the Caucasus and Central Asia at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs since 1997. He has a B.A. in Russian Area Studies from Fordham College and received a Ph.D. in Geography from Columbia University in 1996.

Eleanor H. Tejirian is an Associate Research Scholar at the Middle East Institute, Columbia University. She holds a Ph.D. degree in political science from Columbia, and is co-editor with Reeva Spector Simon of Altruism and Imperialism:Western Cultural and Religious Missions in the Middle East (2002).

Judith S. Yaphe is Distinguished Research Professor and Middle East Project Director in The Institute for National Strategic Studies at the National Defense University at Ft. McNair, Washington, D.C. She has published many articles on Iraq and U.S. Policy including The Middle East in 2015 (NDU, 2002) and Shaping the StrategicEnvironment in the Persian Gulf (NDU, 2001).




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