Contents
Letter of transmittal / V Summary of key findings / VII
I. Introduction / 1 A. Overview / 1 B. Methodology / 2 C. Weighing the evidence / 3 D. Note on names / 5
II. Background / 6 A. Basic characteristics / 6 B. The Question on National Identity / 6 C. Iraqi Kurdish Rebellions in the Interwar Period / 7 D. The Maturing of Kurdish Nationalism / 8 E. The Kurds and the Iraqi Republic / 8 F. The 1974 Rebellion / 9 G. Guerrilla War After 1976 / 9 H. The Iran-Iraq War / 10
III. Iraq's Final Offensive / 11 A. A Narrative Account / 11 B. Eyewitness Accounts / 15 C. The Physical Evidence / 27 D. Context / 30 E. Conclusion / 32
IV. The Refugee Situation / 35 A. Welfare of the Refugees / 35 B. A Balancing Act for Turkey / 36
V. Policy Issues / 37 A. The Precedent / 37 B. The Middle East / 37 C. As an Anti-Insurgency Weapon / 38 D. United States Policy / 38
Appendices A. Chronological Compilation of Statements by the Administration on the use of chemical weapons by Iraq / 41 B. Kurdish villages in Iraq exposed to chemical weapons / 42 C. Itinerary / 42 D. S. 2763, the prevention of genocide act, approved by the U.S. Senate September 9, 1988 / 43 |