contents
Preface / 3
Data on Turkey / 14 Prior to 1980: Background Of The 1980 Coup / 17 Army officers’ class position / 23 A well-planned trap: Oyak / 24 The 1971 Intervention / 27 1977: Escalating terror of Grey Wolves / 28 Bloody incidents of the May 1st and the June 5 elections / 29 CHP leader also under armed attacks / 30 Growth of the MHP’s electorate / 30 Turkey agaain under the repressive rule of the "Nationalist Front / 32 Local elections / 33 1978: Era of social democracy starts / 36 Not a popular government, but a government of conciliation / 36 Controversy on "Counter-guerilla / 37 Ecevit's Government yields to the IMF. . 38 "Grey Wolves" provoke a civil war / 39 New tactics of the political violence / 41 Political terror encouraged with growing US hegemony / 41 Neo-fascist MHP's provocations in Turkey and in Germany / 42 1978: Year of acceleration of the fascist terror / 43 1979: Martial law: A step towards military rule / 46 Grey Wolves change their tactics / 46 DOCUMENT : Disclosures about the Counter-guerilla Organization / 48 Economic austerity measures imposed / 50 Fascist terror hits the leaders of socialist parties / 51 Arrest of workers leaders on May 1st / 52 "The Government stabbed in back" / 53 MHP in flagrante delicto / 54 Turkish "führer" and his "grey wolves / 54 Grey Wolves caught red-handed / 55 Escalation of the Right / 57 New repressive measures / 58 Progressive intellectuals killed one by one / 59 1980: Ultimatum of the army generals / 61 Turning Turkey again into a spring-board of the US / 61 Demirel-Ecevit collaboration of anti-terror measures / 62 Government adopts the drastic measures imposed by the IMF / 62 Popular resistance against new economic and repressive measures / 62 Mass strikes throughout Turkey / 64 Turkish foreign policy makers on a tight-rope / 65 General offensive against the working class / 66 Presidential election / 67 Terror escalated by the government / 67 Towards parliamentary fascism / 69 NATO meeting in Ankara / 70 1980-81: THE 1980 COUP AND Military Dictatorship / 75 Big business calls for political stability / 76 A US Report on a possible coup / 77 The coup opens a period for dictatorship / 78 A total submission to the IMF and the NATO / 80 37 out of 76 years under military regime / 81 First European reactions against the coup / 83 Document : Revelations about the preparation of the Coup and the US instigation / 84 First assessement of Human Rights violations / 88 Principal Target: All democratic forces / 91 DISK leaders being tortured / 93 Barrack discipline in prisons / 95 The military regime's state machinery / 97 1981- 82: a New Constitution Made To Measure / 105 Rubber-Stamp Assembly inaugurated, all political parties dissolved / 106 DOCUMENT : Parties outlawed by the military / 108 The junta's timetable for the restoration of "civilian rule" / 110 The growing wrath of generals / 113 "Constitution" being made to measure / 114 Evren's Constitution caught in the act of fascism / 116 Main points of the anti-democratic Constitution / 120 Constitutional violation of human rights / 125 1982 - 83 The Military's Passage To A "Civilian" Regime / 133 A referendum without choicel / 134 European reaction against the new constitution / 136 Political parties of the military / 142 Europe: No certificate of democracy for the coming Turkish Parliament / 146 Evren's One-Man Show during the Referendum / 150 1983 - 85: a Militarist "Democracy" in Europe / 151 Chicago Boys at the head of Turkish economy / 154 Local Elections 1984: a strike at the political scheme / 157 Structure of the militarist "democracy" / 158 ...And the Political Parties / 159 Right-wing parties / 160 Diagram of the new State Structure / 161 Left-wing parties / 163 Phenomenon of Ecevit / 164 Extra-parliamentary left / 165 State Terrorism 1 : Mass arrests, mass trials, death sentences / 169 Mass Trials / 174 Distribution of Condemnations to Organisations / 176 Death Sentences / 180 Hidir Aslan's Last Letter / 182 DISK'S Triai / 183 A trade union leader in the shade of the gallows / 185 A trial without defence / 185 Bastürk's alarm-cry / 186 Military prosecutor's retreat / 188 Turkish Peace Committee's Trial / 189 Fatsa Town’s Trial / 192 Prosecution of other organizations / 193 Violation of the right to defence / 194 State Terrorism 2: Never-ending persecution of intellectuals / 197 Aziz Nesin accuses General Complete text of Intellectuals' Petition / 202 Trial of the Writers' Union of Turkey / 204 How a publisher assassinated under torture / 206 Repression of Mass Media / 212 Condemned journalists / 214 Pressure on foreign press correspondents / 217 New repressive press code / 217 Book-hunting / 219 Radio Television / 219 Yılmaz Güney's tormenting ordeal / 220 Ruhi Su's torment / 223 Clamp down on universities / 225 1985: Year of bans for the Turkish youth / 227 Academic bodies headed by the military / 227 Prosecution of Teachers / 228 A Courageous academic: Ismail Beşikçi / 228 State Terrorism 3: Pressures on the opponents abroad / 231 Info-Turk's editors stripped of Turkish nationality / 233 Suicide of a political refugee / 234 State Terrorism 4: Repression of Kurds and Christians / 235 Turkish Army's Expansionism / 237 Kurdish Armed Resistance and "Sun Operation" / 238 Ideological brainwashing in prisons / 241 Document : The suppression of Kurdish language and literature / 243 Christian minorities in Turkey / 245 State Terrorism 5: Torture and ill-treatment in prisons / 249 Those really responsible for torture / 255 Amnesty International's report on torture / 256 Soldier's word! / 259 Torture team: "DAL" group / 260 Labour and peace leaders'torture allegations / 260 A victim of torture at the EP / 261 Prisoners' acts of resistance / 261 Torture and ill-treatment after theelections / 265 A Grey Wolf's collaboration in torture / 267 A European mission fooled / 268 Torture is still practiced / 269 No amnesty for political prisoners / 271 State Terrorism 6: Grey Wolves start their actions again / 273 Agca and Grey Wolves / 275 Ties with German fascists / 276 Rise of racism / 277 Farce in the Rome Trial / 277 Grey Wolves start their actions again / 279 Economic Situation: Chicago Boys' monetarist dictât / 281 Return of Chicago Boys / 283 Fail of the monetarist policies / 285 Islamic banks in Turkey / 287 Competition between businessmen and brothel-keepers / 288 Foreign debts trap / 288 Golden years for monopolies / 289 Fabulous profits of banks / 291 Big business not yet satisfied / 291 Social Situation: Oppression of the working class / 293 The Law on Trade Unions / 295 Collective bargaining and strike / 297 More restrictions on trade union rights / 298 Impoverisment of wage earners / 300 Workers' rising resistance / 302 Armed Forces: Military-industrial complex / 305 Turkish Air Forces / 307 Bribery concerning F-16 purchases / 309 Land Forces / 310 Naval Forces / 311 Turkey, a nuclear power / 311 OYAK: a new giant / 312 War Industry's new boost / 313 Inventory of the armaments of the Turkish Army / 313 Foreign Relations 1 : Growing US military presence / 315 Turkey of the nuclear frontline / 321 American democrats against the junta / 323 Foreign Relations 2: Cyprus' division officialised / 325 Foreign Relations3: Double-faced dealing with the Third World / 331 Foreign Relations4: "Coexistence" with socialist countries / 337 Foreign Relations 5: Troubled relations with Western Europe / 341 Protest actions by trade union centers / 345 Turkish rulers' reactions against Europe / 347 Turkish delegation excluded from the Council of Europe / 349 Forgery of the Junta's ambassador / 349 Freezing of the EEC's financial aid to Turkey / 350 Suspension of the EEC-Turkey Association / Turkish Regime before Human Rights Commission / 352 Constitution and elections disapproved by Europe / 353 Turkish "fait accompli" at the Council of Europe / 354 Public hearing on Turkey at the European Parliament / 358 European Solidarity with the Turkish press / 359 Turkish regime readmitted to the Parliamentary Assembly / 364 European trade unions' solidarity with DISK / 367 Contradictory stands of the EP / 369 Turkish withdrawal from the Ministerial Committee / 370 Turkish regime's friends at the European Parliament / 371 The EP hardening its stand again / 372 More concessions from the Council of Europe / 373 Lawyers rebuffed by Ambassador / 379 European Governments' ouvertures to Turkey / 379 Socialists against the Police Law in Turkey / 380 EP's 5 conditions to Turkey / 381 General Evren's anger / 383 Ankara's insulting reaction to the EP Resolution / 386 5 European countries withdraw complaints / 387 ETUC reacted against the surprise compromise / 390 European standards and General Evren / 391 European capitulation in every fields / 391 EEC Commission too gives the green light / 393 Turkey: 13th member of the European Communities / 395
Historical Summary / 397 |