Settlement Wars

Contents

List of Tables / 8
List of Graphs / 9
List of Boxes / 9
List of Most Used Abbreviations and Terms / 10
List of Most Used Abbreviations and Terms / 10

Preface / 16

Chapter1
I ntroduction
1.1 The Logic of Resettlement / 19
1.2 Resettlement, State and Nation / 21
1.2.1 Resettlement / 21
1.2.2 The State / 22
1.2.3 The Study of Nations and Nationalism / 24
1.2.4 The Nation / 25
1.2.5 Spacing People / 28 -
1.3 The shape of this study / 30
1.3.1 The area under Study / 30
1.3.2 Tribes / 31
1.3.3 Villages and Households / 33
1.4 Names and Numbers / 34
1.4.1 Use of Names / 34
1.4.2 Use of Numbers / 36
1.5 Some Notes on Data Collection / 38
1.6 Structure / 39

Chapter 2
Soldiers and Settlements
Turkish Counter-I nsurgency and The Strategy of Environment Deprivation
2.1 Introduction / 43
2.2 The Ozal Plan / 44
" 2.3 PKK: Urban Backgrounds and Rural Consti tuti on / 45
2.3.1 Profile / 45
2.3.2 I nsurgent Strategy / 49
2.3 The Turkish Armed Forces / 53
2.3.1 Profile / 53
2.3.3 I nternational Perspectives / 58
2.4 Environment deprivation / 62
2.5 Conclusions / 69

Chapter 3
Settling The Southeast The Rise And Fall Of A Rehabilitation Doctrine
3.1 I ntroduction / 71
3.2 I nstitutional thinking / 72
3.3 Note on sources / 73
3.4. The Village-town Model / 74
3.4.1 General Backgrounds / 74
3.4.2 The (Javdar-Mesudiye Model / 76
3.4.3 The Organization / 78
3.5 The center-village model / 80
3.5.1 The organization / 82
3.6 Conclusions and Prospects / 88

Chapter 4
Claiming the Land
4.1 Introduction / 89 -
4.2 Statistics / 90
4.3 Selection of the Case Studies / 92
4.4 Composition of the Population in Diyarbakir / 94
4.4.1 The Village Cases / 98
4.4.2 Armenians, the Hamidiye, and Notables / 101
4.5 Evacuation and Return / 105
4.5.1 Evacuation and Return: the Case of Beruk / 105
4.5.2 Evacuation and Return: the Case of I slamkoy / 108 -
4.5.3 Evacuation and Return: the Case of Matrani / 117
4.5.4 Evacuation and Return: the Case of Mira / 119
4.6 Conclusions / 123

Chapter 5
The integrated settlement network
Towards a new spatial organisation of the countryside
5.1 Introduction / 125
5.2 Alternative Spaces / 126
5.3 The Rural Settlement I ssue / 128
5.3.1 The Rural Settlement Grid / 129
5.3.2 Number and development of small rural settlements / 131
5.3.3 Dispersed rural settlement structure / 133
5.4 The Administration I ssue / 135
5.4.1 The Multi-Layered Administrative System / 135
5.4.2 The Dual Administrative System / 140
5.5 Building Administration / 141
5.6 New Villages / 145
5.6.1 Village Concentration / 147
5.6.2 Center-Villages / 148
5.6.3 Village-Towns / 150
5.6.4 Agricultural Towns / 153
5.7 Conclusions / 154

Chapter 6
Settlement Issue and Settlement Actıvıties the Colonization of Peoples and Territories
6.1 Introduction / 155
6.2 Settlement Act / 156
6.3 Resettlement Origins of the Settlement Act / 159
6.3.1 Population Movements and the Drawing of New Maps / 159
6.3.2 The Turkish-Greek Population Exchange / 163
6.4 National Appropriation of Anatolia / 164
6.5. Building a Nation / 168
6.5.1 The Faltering Revolution / 168
6.5.3 New Villages / 170
6.6 Urbanization and I ndustrialization / 172
6.7 The People / 173
6.8 Culture and Civilization / 175
6.10 Conclusions / 179

Chapter 7
Summary and Conclusions
7.1 Introduction / 181
7.2 Main findings / 181
7.3 Some remarks on war and resettlement / 191
7.4 Some remarks on resettlement and modernity / 194

Nederlandstalige Samenvatting (Summary in Dutch) / 199
Annexes / 205
Bibliography / 229
About the Author / 239